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Air transports of heads of state and government are provided by special aircraft maintained by many nations. One in particular has been immortalised in popular culture: Air Force One, used by the President of the United States and operated by the United States Air Force. Another famous special aircraft is the "Shepherd One" used by the Pope and operated by designated carriers in different countries. : A B C D E F G H I J K M N O P R S T U V Y Z – Notes __NOTOC__ ==History== The first head of state or government to receive official and dedicated air transport was the British Monarch. In 1928, two Westland Wapitis, were delivered to No. 24 Squadron at RAF Northolt for the express purpose of the transportation of the Royal Family. Between 1929 and 1935, Edward, Prince of Wales, purchased 13 aircraft. Although the RAF maintained at least one of these aircraft for a time the Prince of Wales eventually became solely responsible for the aircraft. When the Prince ascended to the throne in 1936 as Edward VIII, The King's Flight was formed as the world's first head of state aircraft unit.〔Air International René Francillon Nov. 1999 ''"Fit for a King: Wings for Sovereigns, Presidents and Prime Ministers"'' pp. 289-290〕 This unit initially used the King's own de Havilland DH.89 Dragon Rapide; however this was replaced in May 1937 by an Airspeed AS.6J Envoy III. In the US, prior to World War II, overseas and cross-country presidential travel was rare. Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first president to fly in an aircraft while in office. During World War II, Roosevelt traveled on the ''Dixie Clipper'', a Pan Am-crewed Boeing 314 flying boat to the 1943 Casablanca Conference, in Morocco, a flight that covered 5,500 miles (in three "legs").〔Hardesty 2003, p. 38.〕〔("Factsheet: Douglas VC-54C SACRED COW." ) ''National Museum of the United States Air Force''. Retrieved: 19 October 2009.〕 The first dedicated aircraft proposed for presidential use was a C-87A VIP transport aircraft. This aircraft, number ''41-24159'', was re-modified in 1943 for use as a presidential VIP transport, the ''Guess Where II'', intended to carry President Franklin D. Roosevelt on international trips.〔Dorr 2002, p. l34.〕 The Secret Service subsequently reconfigured a Douglas C-54 Skymaster for duty as a presidential transport. This VC-54C aircraft, nicknamed the ''Sacred Cow'', included a sleeping area, radio telephone, and retractable elevator to discreetly lift Roosevelt in his wheelchair. As modified, the VC-54C was used by President Roosevelt only once, on his trip to the Yalta Conference in February 1945.〔 In the postwar period, governments around the world have instituted similar provisions for the official aerial transportation of their heads of state and government. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Air transports of heads of state and government」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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